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MySql 5.7关键字和保留字-附表
现在使用navicat图形界面或者Hibernate做映射生成表的时候，渐渐的会忽视掉关键字这个问题，而后续也会不断的产生错误提示，一遍遍的查询代码无果，甚至开始怀疑人生，但是其实很多情况下只是使用了保留字而已，因此在设计数据库之初便要尽量的规避关键字和保留字。
但是这里要提一下的是mysql是支持使用关键字做字段名的，但是针对保留关键字是必须要加引用。mysql官网提供了三个例子是可以很好的说明这些的。
interval begin、end都是关键字，interval是保留关键字，因此会报错
mysql> CREATE TABLE interval (begin INT, end INT);
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax ...
near 'interval (begin INT, end INT)'
当给interval加上引用''后便可以正确执行该sql语句，也不会报begin、end的错，因为这是mysql允许的，但是不推荐这个用法，谁知道升级之后会不会变成保留字。。。。。。
mysql> CREATE TABLE `interval` (begin INT, end INT);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
（这个可以略过，，，，，反正不推荐使用关键字做这些事，）还有一种情况——内置函数的名字，官网是这样说的：
Names of built-in functions are permitted as identifiers but may require care to be used as such
mysql> CREATE TABLE mydb.interval (begin INT, end INT);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
下面是最新版的mysql的关键字和保留字的表，可以在设计时多查一查，（R）是保留关键字
有些人可能还不明白关键字和保留字的区别，简单的说，关键字分两种：非保留和保留，保留关键字又有一个特殊类别叫未来保留。
mysql5.7官方文档地址：https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/keywords.html
Table 9.2 Keywords and Reserved Words in MySQL 5.7
ACCESSIBLE (R)
ACCOUNT[a]
ACTION
ADD (R)
AFTER
AGAINST
AGGREGATE
ALGORITHM
ALL (R)
ALTER (R)
ALWAYS[b]
ANALYSE
ANALYZE (R)
AND (R)
ANY
AS (R)
ASC (R)
ASCII
ASENSITIVE (R)
AT
AUTOEXTEND_SIZE
AUTO_INCREMENT
AVG
AVG_ROW_LENGTH
BACKUP
BEFORE (R)
BEGIN
BETWEEN (R)
BIGINT (R)
BINARY (R)
BINLOG
BIT
BLOB (R)
BLOCK
BOOL
BOOLEAN
BOTH (R)
BTREE
BY (R)
BYTE
CACHE
CALL (R)
CASCADE (R)
CASCADED
CASE (R)
CATALOG_NAME
CHAIN
CHANGE (R)
CHANGED
CHANNEL[c]
CHAR (R)
CHARACTER (R)
CHARSET
CHECK (R)
CHECKSUM
CIPHER
CLASS_ORIGIN
CLIENT
CLOSE
COALESCE
CODE
COLLATE (R)
COLLATION
COLUMN (R)
COLUMNS
COLUMN_FORMAT
COLUMN_NAME
COMMENT
COMMIT
COMMITTED
COMPACT
COMPLETION
COMPRESSED
COMPRESSION[d]
CONCURRENT
CONDITION (R)
CONNECTION
CONSISTENT
CONSTRAINT (R)
CONSTRAINT_CATALOG
CONSTRAINT_NAME
CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA
CONTAINS
CONTEXT
CONTINUE (R)
CONVERT (R)
CPU
CREATE (R)
CROSS (R)
CUBE
CURRENT
CURRENT_DATE (R)
CURRENT_TIME (R)
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP (R)
CURRENT_USER (R)
CURSOR (R)
CURSOR_NAME
DATA
DATABASE (R)
DATABASES (R)
DATAFILE
DATE
DATETIME
DAY
DAY_HOUR (R)
DAY_MICROSECOND (R)
DAY_MINUTE (R)
DAY_SECOND (R)
DEALLOCATE
DEC (R)
DECIMAL (R)
DECLARE (R)
DEFAULT (R)
DEFAULT_AUTH
DEFINER
DELAYED (R)
DELAY_KEY_WRITE
DELETE (R)
DESC (R)
DESCRIBE (R)
DES_KEY_FILE
DETERMINISTIC (R)
DIAGNOSTICS
DIRECTORY
DISABLE
DISCARD
DISK
DISTINCT (R)
DISTINCTROW (R)
DIV (R)
DO
DOUBLE (R)
DROP (R)
DUAL (R)
DUMPFILE
DUPLICATE
DYNAMIC
EACH (R)
ELSE (R)
ELSEIF (R)
ENABLE
ENCLOSED (R)
ENCRYPTION[e]
END
ENDS
ENGINE
ENGINES
ENUM
ERROR
ERRORS
ESCAPE
ESCAPED (R)
EVENT
EVENTS
EVERY
EXCHANGE
EXECUTE
EXISTS (R)
EXIT (R)
EXPANSION
EXPIRE
EXPLAIN (R)
EXPORT
EXTENDED
EXTENT_SIZE
FALSE (R)
FAST
FAULTS
FETCH (R)
FIELDS
FILE
FILE_BLOCK_SIZE[f]
FILTER[g]
FIRST
FIXED
FLOAT (R)
FLOAT4 (R)
FLOAT8 (R)
FLUSH
FOLLOWS[h]
FOR (R)
FORCE (R)
FOREIGN (R)
FORMAT
FOUND
FROM (R)
FULL
FULLTEXT (R)
FUNCTION
GENERAL
GENERATED[i] (R)
GEOMETRY
GEOMETRYCOLLECTION
GET (R)
GET_FORMAT
GLOBAL
GRANT (R)
GRANTS
GROUP (R)
GROUP_REPLICATION[j]
HANDLER
HASH
HAVING (R)
HELP
HIGH_PRIORITY (R)
HOST
HOSTS
HOUR
HOUR_MICROSECOND (R)
HOUR_MINUTE (R)
HOUR_SECOND (R)
IDENTIFIED
IF (R)
IGNORE (R)
IGNORE_SERVER_IDS
IMPORT
IN (R)
INDEX (R)
INDEXES
INFILE (R)
INITIAL_SIZE
INNER (R)
INOUT (R)
INSENSITIVE (R)
INSERT (R)
INSERT_METHOD
INSTALL
INSTANCE[k]
INT (R)
INT1 (R)
INT2 (R)
INT3 (R)
INT4 (R)
INT8 (R)
INTEGER (R)
INTERVAL (R)
INTO (R)
INVOKER
IO
IO_AFTER_GTIDS (R)
IO_BEFORE_GTIDS (R)
IO_THREAD
IPC
IS (R)
ISOLATION
ISSUER
ITERATE (R)
JOIN (R)
JSON[l]
KEY (R)
KEYS (R)
KEY_BLOCK_SIZE
KILL (R)
LANGUAGE
LAST
LEADING (R)
LEAVE (R)
LEAVES
LEFT (R)
LESS
LEVEL
LIKE (R)
LIMIT (R)
LINEAR (R)
LINES (R)
LINESTRING
LIST
LOAD (R)
LOCAL
LOCALTIME (R)
LOCALTIMESTAMP (R)
LOCK (R)
LOCKS
LOGFILE
LOGS
LONG (R)
LONGBLOB (R)
LONGTEXT (R)
LOOP (R)
LOW_PRIORITY (R)
MASTER
MASTER_AUTO_POSITION
MASTER_BIND (R)
MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY
MASTER_DELAY
MASTER_HEARTBEAT_PERIOD
MASTER_HOST
MASTER_LOG_FILE
MASTER_LOG_POS
MASTER_PASSWORD
MASTER_PORT
MASTER_RETRY_COUNT
MASTER_SERVER_ID
MASTER_SSL
MASTER_SSL_CA
MASTER_SSL_CAPATH
MASTER_SSL_CERT
MASTER_SSL_CIPHER
MASTER_SSL_CRL
MASTER_SSL_CRLPATH
MASTER_SSL_KEY
MASTER_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT (R)
MASTER_TLS_VERSION[m]
MASTER_USER
MATCH (R)
MAXVALUE (R)
MAX_CONNECTIONS_PER_HOUR
MAX_QUERIES_PER_HOUR
MAX_ROWS
MAX_SIZE
MAX_STATEMENT_TIME[n]
MAX_UPDATES_PER_HOUR
MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS
MEDIUM
MEDIUMBLOB (R)
MEDIUMINT (R)
MEDIUMTEXT (R)
MEMORY
MERGE
MESSAGE_TEXT
MICROSECOND
MIDDLEINT (R)
MIGRATE
MINUTE
MINUTE_MICROSECOND (R)
MINUTE_SECOND (R)
MIN_ROWS
MOD (R)
MODE
MODIFIES (R)
MODIFY
MONTH
MULTILINESTRING
MULTIPOINT
MULTIPOLYGON
MUTEX
MYSQL_ERRNO
NAME
NAMES
NATIONAL
NATURAL (R)
NCHAR
NDB
NDBCLUSTER
NEVER[o]
NEW
NEXT
NO
NODEGROUP
NONBLOCKING[p]
NONE
NOT (R)
NO_WAIT
NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG (R)
NULL (R)
NUMBER
NUMERIC (R)
NVARCHAR
OFFSET
OLD_PASSWORD[q]
ON (R)
ONE
ONLY
OPEN
OPTIMIZE (R)
OPTIMIZER_COSTS[r] (R)
OPTION (R)
OPTIONALLY (R)
OPTIONS
OR (R)
ORDER (R)
OUT (R)
OUTER (R)
OUTFILE (R)
OWNER
PACK_KEYS
PAGE
PARSER
PARSE_GCOL_EXPR[s]
PARTIAL
PARTITION (R)
PARTITIONING
PARTITIONS
PASSWORD
PHASE
PLUGIN
PLUGINS
PLUGIN_DIR
POINT
POLYGON
PORT
PRECEDES[t]
PRECISION (R)
PREPARE
PRESERVE
PREV
PRIMARY (R)
PRIVILEGES
PROCEDURE (R)
PROCESSLIST
PROFILE
PROFILES
PROXY
PURGE (R)
QUARTER
QUERY
QUICK
RANGE (R)
READ (R)
READS (R)
READ_ONLY
READ_WRITE (R)
REAL (R)
REBUILD
RECOVER
REDOFILE
REDO_BUFFER_SIZE
REDUNDANT
REFERENCES (R)
REGEXP (R)
RELAY
RELAYLOG
RELAY_LOG_FILE
RELAY_LOG_POS
RELAY_THREAD
RELEASE (R)
RELOAD
REMOVE
RENAME (R)
REORGANIZE
REPAIR
REPEAT (R)
REPEATABLE
REPLACE (R)
REPLICATE_DO_DB[u]
REPLICATE_DO_TABLE[v]
REPLICATE_IGNORE_DB[w]
REPLICATE_IGNORE_TABLE[x]
REPLICATE_REWRITE_DB[y]
REPLICATE_WILD_DO_TABLE[z]
REPLICATE_WILD_IGNORE_TABLE[aa]
REPLICATION
REQUIRE (R)
RESET
RESIGNAL (R)
RESTORE
RESTRICT (R)
RESUME
RETURN (R)
RETURNED_SQLSTATE
RETURNS
REVERSE
REVOKE (R)
RIGHT (R)
RLIKE (R)
ROLLBACK
ROLLUP
ROTATE[ab]
ROUTINE
ROW
ROWS
ROW_COUNT
ROW_FORMAT
RTREE
SAVEPOINT
SCHEDULE
SCHEMA (R)
SCHEMAS (R)
SCHEMA_NAME
SECOND
SECOND_MICROSECOND (R)
SECURITY
SELECT (R)
SENSITIVE (R)
SEPARATOR (R)
SERIAL
SERIALIZABLE
SERVER
SESSION
SET (R)
SHARE
SHOW (R)
SHUTDOWN
SIGNAL (R)
SIGNED
SIMPLE
SLAVE
SLOW
SMALLINT (R)
SNAPSHOT
SOCKET
SOME
SONAME
SOUNDS
SOURCE
SPATIAL (R)
SPECIFIC (R)
SQL (R)
SQLEXCEPTION (R)
SQLSTATE (R)
SQLWARNING (R)
SQL_AFTER_GTIDS
SQL_AFTER_MTS_GAPS
SQL_BEFORE_GTIDS
SQL_BIG_RESULT (R)
SQL_BUFFER_RESULT
SQL_CACHE
SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS (R)
SQL_NO_CACHE
SQL_SMALL_RESULT (R)
SQL_THREAD
SQL_TSI_DAY
SQL_TSI_HOUR
SQL_TSI_MINUTE
SQL_TSI_MONTH
SQL_TSI_QUARTER
SQL_TSI_SECOND
SQL_TSI_WEEK
SQL_TSI_YEAR
SSL (R)
STACKED
START
STARTING (R)
STARTS
STATS_AUTO_RECALC
STATS_PERSISTENT
STATS_SAMPLE_PAGES
STATUS
STOP
STORAGE
STORED[ac] (R)
STRAIGHT_JOIN (R)
STRING
SUBCLASS_ORIGIN
SUBJECT
SUBPARTITION
SUBPARTITIONS
SUPER
SUSPEND
SWAPS
SWITCHES
TABLE (R)
TABLES
TABLESPACE
TABLE_CHECKSUM
TABLE_NAME
TEMPORARY
TEMPTABLE
TERMINATED (R)
TEXT
THAN
THEN (R)
TIME
TIMESTAMP
TIMESTAMPADD
TIMESTAMPDIFF
TINYBLOB (R)
TINYINT (R)
TINYTEXT (R)
TO (R)
TRAILING (R)
TRANSACTION
TRIGGER (R)
TRIGGERS
TRUE (R)
TRUNCATE
TYPE
TYPES
UNCOMMITTED
UNDEFINED
UNDO (R)
UNDOFILE
UNDO_BUFFER_SIZE
UNICODE
UNINSTALL
UNION (R)
UNIQUE (R)
UNKNOWN
UNLOCK (R)
UNSIGNED (R)
UNTIL
UPDATE (R)
UPGRADE
USAGE (R)
USE (R)
USER
USER_RESOURCES
USE_FRM
USING (R)
UTC_DATE (R)
UTC_TIME (R)
UTC_TIMESTAMP (R)
VALIDATION[ad]
VALUE
VALUES (R)
VARBINARY (R)
VARCHAR (R)
VARCHARACTER (R)
VARIABLES
VARYING (R)
VIEW
VIRTUAL[ae] (R)
WAIT
WARNINGS
WEEK
WEIGHT_STRING
WHEN (R)
WHERE (R)
WHILE (R)
WITH (R)
WITHOUT[af]
WORK
WRAPPER
WRITE (R)
X509
XA
XID[ag]
XML
XOR (R)
YEAR
YEAR_MONTH (R)
ZEROFILL (R)
[a] ACCOUNT: added in 5.7.6 (nonreserved)
[b] ALWAYS: added in 5.7.6 (nonreserved)
[c] CHANNEL: added in 5.7.6 (nonreserved)
[d] COMPRESSION: added in 5.7.8 (nonreserved)
[e] ENCRYPTION: added in 5.7.11 (nonreserved)
[f] FILE_BLOCK_SIZE: added in 5.7.6 (nonreserved)
[g] FILTER: added in 5.7.3 (nonreserved)
[h] FOLLOWS: added in 5.7.2 (nonreserved)
[i] GENERATED: added in 5.7.6 (reserved)
[j] GROUP_REPLICATION: added in 5.7.6 (nonreserved)
[k] INSTANCE: added in 5.7.11 (nonreserved)
[l] JSON: added in 5.7.8 (nonreserved)
[m] MASTER_TLS_VERSION: added in 5.7.10 (nonreserved)
[n] MAX_STATEMENT_TIME: added in 5.7.4 (nonreserved); removed in 5.7.8
[o] NEVER: added in 5.7.4 (nonreserved)
[p] NONBLOCKING: removed in 5.7.6
[q] OLD_PASSWORD: removed in 5.7.5
[r] OPTIMIZER_COSTS: added in 5.7.5 (reserved)
[s] PARSE_GCOL_EXPR: added in 5.7.6 (reserved); became nonreserved in 5.7.8
[t] PRECEDES: added in 5.7.2 (nonreserved)
[u] REPLICATE_DO_DB: added in 5.7.3 (nonreserved)
[v] REPLICATE_DO_TABLE: added in 5.7.3 (nonreserved)
[w] REPLICATE_IGNORE_DB: added in 5.7.3 (nonreserved)
[x] REPLICATE_IGNORE_TABLE: added in 5.7.3 (nonreserved)
[y] REPLICATE_REWRITE_DB: added in 5.7.3 (nonreserved)
[z] REPLICATE_WILD_DO_TABLE: added in 5.7.3 (nonreserved)
[aa] REPLICATE_WILD_IGNORE_TABLE: added in 5.7.3 (nonreserved)
[ab] ROTATE: added in 5.7.11 (nonreserved)
[ac] STORED: added in 5.7.6 (reserved)
[ad] VALIDATION: added in 5.7.5 (nonreserved)
[ae] VIRTUAL: added in 5.7.6 (reserved)
[af] WITHOUT: added in 5.7.5 (nonreserved)
[ag] XID: added in 5.7.5 (nonreserved)
5.7相比于5.6新增的关键字
ACCOUNT
ALWAYS
CHANNEL
COMPRESSION
ENCRYPTION
FILE_BLOCK_SIZE
FILTER
FOLLOWS
GENERATED (R)
GROUP_REPLICATION
INSTANCE
JSON
MASTER_TLS_VERSION
NEVER
OPTIMIZER_COSTS (R)
PARSE_GCOL_EXPR
PRECEDES
REPLICATE_DO_DB
REPLICATE_DO_TABLE
REPLICATE_IGNORE_DB
REPLICATE_IGNORE_TABLE
REPLICATE_REWRITE_DB
REPLICATE_WILD_DO_TABLE
REPLICATE_WILD_IGNORE_TABLE
ROTATE
STACKED
STORED (R)
VALIDATION
VIRTUAL (R)
WITHOUT
XID
5.7相比于5.6删除的关键字
OLD_PASSWORD
posted @
2017-05-23 10:36
Z·Fanghan
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